Is there a word for physical descriptions of "race" rather than colors like white/black/etc?

I'm Chinese-American and my skin is so tanned from being outside all the time in the tropical sun due to living in tropical Thailand that it doesn't by any definition fit the word "yellow" but at the same time my face, hair, etc looks Chinese. My skin is roughly the same shade and tone as light skin African Americans like Will Smith, Obama, etc so is there any other descriptions of race that don't refer to color? I've heard the word mongoloid but it sounds so strange because of the "-oid" sound.